5/6/2023 0 Comments Mps to fpsThis wastewater contains various organic and inorganic pollutants that might cause severe human risks if disposed of in the environment without proper treatment. Recently, the exponential increase in population number, industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural practices has been accompanied by the generation of huge volumes of wastewater. This chapter gives the updates, conclusions, and recommendations covered by the book volume “Cost-efficient Wastewater Treatment Technologies: Natural Systems.” These topics are well defined so that the effluent of the ecological-based wastewater treatment systems could meet the strict national and international regulations. These advantages fit the application of the natural-based systems for wastewater treatment. According to the environmental and economic conditions, some areas prefer the application of decentralized and cheaper treatment processes (low operation and maintenance costs) that can also be used for ecological purposes like recreational and gardening. Consequently, the wastewater treatment processes, either natural-based or mechanized-based, have been technically improved to maintain pollution reduction and cost-saving. These main developments and improvements have resulted in generating huge amounts of wastewater containing various organic and inorganic compounds. Recently, increasing population growth has been accompanied by considerable progress in industrialization and urbanization along with expanded agricultural production. Proposed integrated process and to present practical approach towards the suggested methodologyĪt lab scale that emphasize the futuristic perspective of this review study Finally, studies have been performed to support the Processes have been thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, multiple challenges encountered in integrated In-situ transesterification process with recent developed catalysts has been studied for Harvesting methods have been compared, and the suitability of the techniques has been suggested. In the present study, sustainable developments in microalgae cultivation systems, and However, significant efforts are required to develop an efficient combined Progress has been made in biomass cultivation in cohesion with wastewater treatment for biodiesel Wastewater is an easily accessible source of water, and essential macro/micronutrients for algaeĬultivation, thus may reduce the burden of utilizing freshwater for algal cultivation. Algae canīe grown in any kind of water either be it fresh water, wastewater or salty water, however, It is advised to do more optimization studies for WSPs with the help of other algorithms and tools available in the literature for distinct wastewater treatment plants.Īmongst the biomass sources, microalgae have been hailed as the most promising source ofīiomass for bioremediation of wastewater with simultaneous production of biodiesel. Both analyses demonstrated that the effluent characteristics comply with the class-B irrigation standards in Turkey. The model described above is sensitive to variations in the parameters. In addition, sensitivity analyses of the objective function and the removal of pollutants are also provided. The reduction values mentioned above are significant since these systems' fundamental drawback is the area's requirement. A comparison of the findings reveals that a 13.79 percent reduction in the DT, an 11.55 percent reduction in the area, and a 7.19 percent reduction in the volume of concrete occurred. Before applying the mathematical optimization model, ponds were designed with the conventional method and then using optimized values of the variables. The generalized reduced gradient algorithm was utilized in the solver (GRG). The model was applied with the help of an Add-Ins of MS Office: Excel solver. The constraint parameters include fecal coliforms and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). There were two decision variables the first was the detention time (DT) and the second in the list was the number of provided baffle walls (NBW) in both ponds. The model uses concrete volume as its objective minimization function. This research work proposes a mathematical optimization model for constructing two ponds (1.
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